Biofuel Mandates in the EU by Member State - 2022 - GAIN REPORT
July 05, 2022 - Prepared By: Sabine Lieberz
The 2009 EU Energy and Climate Change Package set out a 10 percent minimum target for renewable energy consumed by the transport sector to be achieved by all EU member states (MS) in their countries in 2020. The Renewable Energy Directive (RED) laid out detailed provisions on the goals and conditions in the transport sector for the period 2010-2020. In 2018, the European Union adopted the Renewable Energy Directive II (REDII) covering the period 2021-2030. It set a new overall renewable energy target of 32 percent by 2030 and a 14 percent target for the transport sector. Many MS have adopted minimum biofuel use mandates in order to achieve the RED and RED II goals.
This report provides an overview of the current and future mandates from the various MS. Note that Cyprus, Luxemburg, and Malta are not included in this report. The tables represent the status quo as of May 20, 2022. If changes are being discussed but have not yet been adopted, they are mentioned in the text below the tables. EU Renewable Energy Targets RED II sets an overall binding renewable energy target of at least 32 percent by 2030 with a 14 percent target for the transport sector, with a clause for a possible upwards revision by 2023. Within the 14 percent transport sector target, food-based biofuels are capped at MS 2020 levels up to one percent higher, but with a maximum cap of seven percent for each MS. If the cap on first generation biofuels in a MS is less than seven percent, the country may reduce the transport target by the same amount (for example, a country with a food and feed crop cap of six percent could set a transport target at 13 percent). Member states can also set a lower limit for conventional biofuels than prescribed in RED II. For advanced biofuels, RED II introduces two different sets of targets for feedstock listed in Part A of Annex IX and feedstock listed in Part B. Feedstock listed in Part A must be supplied at a minimum of 0.2 percent of transport energy in 2022, one percent in 2025, and at least 3.5 percent by 2030. Biofuels produced from feedstocks listed in Part B will be capped at 1.7 percent in 2030. Advanced biofuels will be double counted towards both the 3.5 percent target and towards the 14 percent target.
